{{{This involves presenting the partys manifesto or programme to the electorate.}}} The Nigerian legal and judicial system contains three codes of law: customary law, Nigerian statute law (following English law), and Sharah (Islamic law). The Constitution created the Electoral College to ensure that each state had a role in selecting the president, no matter its population. For instance, in case its necessary to elect a president, many countries are likely to choose a two-round system, as a result of which the candidate with the biggest amount of votes is going to win. If needed, the primary would occur in October before the general election in November. A free and fair election is defined by political scientist Robert Dahl as an election in which "coercion is comparatively uncommon". The MPs (members of parliament), MLAs (members of legislature) and members of the local bodies are elected by direct election. A general election is a regularly scheduled, nationwide election used to determine the U.S. president and other political officials. Only the registered individuals are eligible to vote. Being an M. Sc seminar presentation in the department of Political Science, Benue State University, Makurdi. 21 August 2022. A voter could even vote in each political party's primary election. A ballot is a paper containing the candidates of each party vying for a particular electoral position and its through which the elector votes. An electoral or voting system, in general, is a method through which people of a certain country elect their presidents, governments or other administrative or political officials. Examples of directly elected bodies are theEuropean Parliament(since 1979) and theUnited States House of Representatives. All 20 of Pennsylvanias electoral votes go to the person who won the popular vote in Pennsylvania. list and explain 7 types of election in nigeria list and explain 7 types of election in nigeria. In presidential elections, each political party holds a national convention where they choose their nominee for president. Most often, this is the result of a death, but special elections can also be necessary if an elected official wants to retire, resign or move to another position within the government. But the popular vote including your vote helps decide which candidate receives Pennsylvania's electoral votes. The House of Representatives and the Senate are the two chambers of the National Assembly. Sometimes politicians resign, retire, are reassigned, become disabled, or die before the end of the 4-year term. Merged cells for "head of state" and "head of government" indicate the office is the same for that country; merged cells for "lower house" and "upper house" indicate a . This is a lesson from the tutorial, Electoral Systems and Processes and you are encouraged to log The top vote-getters are elected, regardless of whether or not they received a majority of votes cast. Others worried that the general public could not be expected to have enough knowledge of the candidates to make a decision. Ashley has a JD degree and is an attorney. through death, resignation, etc.). The process for primary elections varies by state, but each election can fit into one of five types: open, semi-open, closed, blanket, and runoff elections. Statewide general elections take place every two years on the Tuesday following the first Monday of November. If our three voters already have favorite candidates, they need to vote for those candidates in the primaries so that those candidates can advance. Different states have different procedures and rules for primaries. Meet Dottie, our Democrat. AP US Government and Politics: Voting and Elections, Psychological Research & Experimental Design, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses, The Electoral College and Elections in the US, AP US Government and Politics: Introduction to the Study of American Government, AP US Government and Politics: Constitutional Democracy, AP US Government and Politics: Federalism in the United States, AP US Government and Politics: American Political Culture, AP US Government and Politics: Political Parties, The Electoral College: Definition & Process, Types of Elections: Primary, General & Special, Campaign Finance: Sources, Regulations & Reform. The general elections listed are for the government of each jurisdiction. Please enable scripts and reload this page. Brahmanism Beliefs & Traditions | What is Brahmanism? Although the history of Ethiopia is dotted with non-democratic systems of government such as the Abyssinian, Jimma, Harar, Wolayta Kingdoms, many of these states also had or reigned over egalitarian political systems that allowed popular participation similar to the ones in ancient Greece or Western Africa. The electorate does not generally include the entire population; for example, many countries prohibit those who are under the age of majority from voting, all jurisdictions require a minimum age for voting. A primary election is an initial election where voters choose the final candidates for the general election. Voters also vote for their partys officers during a primary election. Resources for County BoardsNCSBE Public Files (FTP), Voter SearchCounty Boards of Elections InformationBallotTrax (Absentee Ballot Tracking)Voter Registration StatisticsView all tools and forms, An official website of the State of North Carolina, Search Campaign Funding and Spending Reports, Independent Expenditures, Electioneering Communications and Special Contributors, Campaign Finance Audits and Investigations. In summary, we use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. This is meant to allow the needs of all citizens to be represented by these elected officials, but the electoral process can seem confusing because there are different types of elections. Criteria to register include nationality and the person must be 18 and above. This is an initial election where the final candidates for the general election are chosen. The basic information needed about who is running for what office and whether there are any local ballot measures is provided. Elections for the House and Senate in the United States and for the House of Commons in the United Kingdom use the plurality system. In many cases, initial elections called primaries are held to determine who the final candidates will be. Numerous registrations and votes by the same person. Elections enable voters to select leaders and to hold them . By giving voice to people on the smaller scales of government, over such issues as water supply, power, and sewer systems, confidence is thought to be built to eventually reform higher levels of government. She earned her undergraduate degree in childhood development from Truman State University and followed that up with a MA in Language Education from Indiana University. The General election is the second on our list of types of elections in Nigeria. In determining who votes for whom in the Electoral College, though, the US presidential race is a strict plurality system: The candidate who gets a plurality of the popular vote in a state gets all that states electoral votes. Theelection of the United States Presidentand the Vice President is indirect election. However, there are clear problems with such a system: Should parties that receive only 0.001% of the vote also be represented? A candidate must win a simple majority - 270 - of those votes to win the election. presidential election. Often, a field including a dozen or so candidates will be whittled to include only two. Remember that the winners of the primary elections are pitted against one another in the general election. Now you know exactly how Nigerian election system works and how other countries elect their candidates, political parties, and other political officials. The US Electoral College also has components of a majority system, because a presidential candidate must get 50%-plus-one electoral votes (270 out of 538) in order to win. 1. Don't want to keep filling in name and email whenever you want to comment? Special elections may be held: The county or counties running the special election must advertise the date and locations for the special election, as well as the candidates running for office.Everyone who lives in the district the candidates will represent can vote in the special election. Ageneral electionis anelectionin which all or most members of a given political body are chosen. Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. This article is licensed under a CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The United States of America is a representative democracy. Learn more about the 3 types of elections: General elections are always held the first Tuesday, after the first Monday, in November. Copyright 2006 - 2023 Law Business Research. There are several different types of primaries. Candidates contesting election to the office of the President shall be declared the winner if he has the highest number of votes cast at the election and not less than one-quarter of all the votes cast in each of at least two-thirds of all the States of the Federation and the FCT Abuja. so that you can track your progress. Thus, if a party won 40% of the vote it would receive 40% of the seats. As articulated above, the electoral system of Nigeria is been carried out through secret ballot where the eligible voter goes alone to cast his/her vote in the ballot booth and drops his ballot paper into the ballot box after voting (through thumbprinting) candidate or party of his choice. Under the proper handling and control, they make it impossible to falsify results of the voting and give the victory to a corrupted candidate. In Pennsylvania, you can only vote for the candidates in the same political party you have named in your voter registration. Below is a list of the different types of electoral systems: 1) Simple majority system 2) Absolute majourity system 3) Second ballot system/ run-off system 4) Alternative voting system 5) Proportional representation system 6) Ballot or voting system The Simple Majority System In actuality, the electoral college casts the final ballots to decide who will ultimately become president. This lesson describes the different types of elections: Aprimary electionis the process by which voters, either the general public (open primary) or members of a political party (closed primary), can indicate their preference for a candidate in an upcominggeneral electionorby-election, thus narrowing the field of candidates. A proportional system or a system where the winner takes it all. In fact, since a candidate need have only a plurality of votes to be elected, most voters may actually have votedagainstthe winner (although their votes are split among several candidates).
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