113, 81-86. 2011;16(2):518. Leiva, Angel; Muoz, Natalia; Urza, Marcela; Gargallo, Ligia; Radic, Deodato (2010). Covis, Rudy; Ladaviere, Catherine; Desbrieres, Jacques; Marie, Emmanuelle; Durand, Alain. 2012;29(7):201729. Masuelli, Martin Alberto. WebDextran produced from Weissella cibaria JAG8 was purified and characterized. The lack of data on the uniformity of intrinsic viscosity measurements in the system water/dextran, highlights the significant influence of the solvent and temperature [74]. (2003). The human skins were from the back or thigh of a 24-year-old woman. These structural differences can significantly affect FITC-dextran delivery due to even after microporation [30]. (1987). Monosaccharide analysis revealed that the polysaccharide comprised only glucose units. of different origins. Each microporated sample was incubated in the skin culture medium. Dextran produced from Weissella cibaria JAG8 was purified and characterized. All authors have consented to the submission of this manuscript for publication. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. Macromolecules, 33, 5730-5739. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2012;101(8):28619. Immediately after formation, the microchannels are filled with interstitial fluid, making them hydrophilic, and a suitable drug delivery system [15]. FITC-dextran solution (600L) was added to the donor chamber. Int. J Cosmet Laser Ther. Biophysical Journal, 87, 4259-4270. The flattening of the curves at higher molecular weight is in agreement with an increased branching density. Epub 2012 Oct 18. Soc., 16, 3A, 426-433. In summary, we demonstrated effective enhancement of skin permeability and delivery of macromolecules lower than 20KM.W., and regeneration of human cadaver skin after microporation with an RF-based microporation device. The regeneration process of the skin is regulated by growth factors such as keratinocyte growth factor and fibroblast growth factor, which trigger the proliferation and migration of cells [23, 24]. Macromolecules, 29, 2265-2268. On single point determination of intrinsic viscosity. a Microscopy images of micropore and b quantified data using ImageJ after 0 (immediately), 4, 8, and 24h according to the number of times microproration was done (n=150, *: p<0.05). sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Citation-(RIS ; Garca de , J. The Mark-Houwink. Food Sci Biotechnol. Structural characterization of a new dextran with a low degree of branching produced by Leuconostoc mesenteroides FT045B dextransucrase. Thermo Fisher Scientific. Barrier integrity was examined using Tewameter to confirm the poration of human cadaver skin using a microporation device. Schematic illustration of transdermal delivery after the application of the microporation device. Universal size-independent quantities for the conformational characterization of rigid and flexible macromolecules. The intrinsic viscosity can be easily calculated by the Solomon-Ciuta single-point equation [44, 45]. (2003). In the case of a poor solvent, a temperature increase causes an increase in entropy and intrinsic viscosity and is favorable for the extended conformation. (1969). Epub 2012 May 28. Progress in Biophysical Molecules Biological, 68, 207-262. Molecular weight (Mv) and hydrodynamic properties can be calculated from there. FITC-derivatives have been used for a variety of biological applications for more than 40 yeras. Journal of Chemical Education, 80(9), 1036-1038. Kim J, Jang JH, Lee JH, Choi JK, Park WR, Bae IH, Bae J, Park JW. Hrabchak C, Flynn L, Woodhouse KA. The correct way to interpret what Mark-Houwink parameters is determined graphically ln [] versus ln Mw, where Mw is the molecular weight provided by manufacturer, and calculate the percentage relative error (%RE) respect to Mw. WebDextran 40 Pharmaceutical Quality. Biomaterials Research Kasaai, Mohammad R. (2007). Static and Dynamic Light-Scattering Solution Behavior of Pullulan and Dextran in Comparison. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of RF microporation technology in vitro, by evaluating the permeation of fluorescent-conjugated dextran (FITC-dextran) of various molecular weights through the human and pig skin after microporation, using a transdermal diffusion cell system. To confirm the extent of skin damage and regeneration after microporation, porations were performed 2, 5, and 10 times. Front Microbiol. Figure2 shows TEWL values measured before and immediately following the treatment of human cadaver skin with the microporation device. Chen Rong Huei; Min Lang Tsai (1998). In the range of working temperatures and molecular weights of dextrans, similar intrinsic viscosity results obtained by other researchers and published here are slight, as shown in tables 1 and 3. Studies carried out at different ionic strength you can see them in the references [64, 65] and works with different solvents in the references [66, 67]. It has been found that, when applied to water treatment, it can effectively act on refractory organic matter in wastewater through thermal decomposition and water molecular action to produce free ACS Nano. The values of 0 decreases from 2.5429 to 2.3326 x 1023mol-1 demonstrating a relative flexibility of particles. (1958). (2013). Kloster, C.; Bica C.; Rochas C.; Samios, D.; Geissler, E. (2000). Drug Deliv. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Walkenhorst, S.; Olivier, R. (2002). There is a deviation from linearity after 580kDa [69, 70]. ; Rani, K.Y. Pore closure examination was performed using an optical microscope (BX43, Olympus, Japan) immediately (time 0), 4, 8, and 24h following device application. Intrinsic viscosity determination offers a simple and useful method that requires low cost equipment and yields useful information on soluble macromolecules. Table 3 shows the intrinsic viscosity for the rest of the dextrans obtained by using the single-point method, measured at different temperatures. WebFluorescent and biotinylated dextrans are routinely employed to trace neuronal projections. High Manufacturing Standards of Molecular Probes Dextrans. Enhanced topical delivery of small hydrophilic or lipophilic active agents and epidermal growth factor by fractional radiofrequency microporation. Theory, Estimation, Experiment, and Data. Mitragotri S. Mechanical disruption of skin barrier for vaccine delivery. American Journal of Food Science and Technology 2013, 1(3), 60-66. The value of P increases from 1.0272 to 1.2694 (spherical shape with tendency to spheroid for high Mw). Radiofrequency ablation of malignant liver tumors. Experimental Review on Intrinsic Viscosity Measurements and Temperature Effect.". Surface morphology study of dextran by scanning electron microscopy showed the porous web like structure. Transdermal delivery of FITC-Dextrans with different molecular weights using radiofrequency microporation. If there are particles in the sample, the incident laser light gets scattered in all directions. The Solomon-Ciuta single-point method is used for calculating dextran intrinsic viscosity and the error relative is calculated, and %RE respect to Huggins method is >4.18% for 2000kDa, and >2.06% for 8.8kDa (Table 2). Alternatively, the value of qM-H can be calculated using numerical methods and other-average molecular weights (Mn, Mw, Mz) according to where c and d are empirical polynomial functions of the exponent a. The exponent a is a function of polymer geometry, and varies from 0.5 to 2 and exponent is dimensionless. 2. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Cookies policy. Search Stenekes, R.J.H. 2018 Jan;184(1):1-11. doi: 10.1007/s12010-017-2522-4. Keratinocytes adjacent to the wound site induced by the microporation in the epidermis undergo a series of modifications that allow their proliferation and migration to the wound. 2012;3(1):208. (1954). Solution properties of branched dextran. Carbohydrate Polymers, 78, 902-907. Although we didnt conduct assay for inflammation, we could not find any inflammation symptoms such as redness, blisters, cracked, and thickening. In contrast to linear chains, power law behavior is observed only asymptotically at large Mv. Dextran theta temperature between 43.14 and 44.44C for all the range of molecular weights explains the deviation at 45 and 50C [36, 37]. Before Ind. Lucifer yellow (LY) and FITC-labelled dextran stock solutions were prepared in Ringers-HEPES buffer (150 mM NaCl, 3.4 mM CaCl 2, 1.2 mM MgCl 2, 5.2 mM KCl, 0.5 mM NaHCO 3, 2.8 mM glucose, and 10 mM HEPES) and frozen at 20C. The micropores of the human cadaver skin were regenerated according to the time. In general, Mv is not experimentally accessible, whereas other average molecular weights are accessible. FOIA The explanation for the anomalous values of a and kM-H is because the mixture solute-solvent is highly compatible due a great compaction of biopolymer, from undisturbed state in the absence of interactions, where free energy of mixing less than zero, and emphasize the nature non-linear or hyperbranched of dextran for Mw high to 200kDa. An official website of the United States government. dextran hydrodynamic radius. After 8h, the micropore became more distorted from the previous circle, suggesting that the micropores were closing. The effectiveness of the RF microporation technique in transdermal drug delivery of macromolecules and hydrophilic agents such as peptides, hormones, and vaccines has been demonstrated extensively in previous studies [16,17,18]. WebThe study of biopolymers as dextran in aqueous solution, is effectively determined by intrinsic viscosity [] measurements at different temperatures. Just in case anyone wants to use a different molecular weight to estimate the hydrodynamic size: the calculator is integrated into the classic Zeta Castellanos Gil, E. E.; Iraizoz Colarte, A.; El Ghzaoui, A.; Durand, D.; Delarbre, J.L. Typically, the hydrodynamic diameter of the micelles is about 100 nm and the critical micelle concentration is about 10 mg/L. II. ; Ortega, A.; Garcia de la Torre, J.; Harding, S.E. We will also conduct further studies on the regeneration of human cadaver skin and evaluate the possibilities of clinical trials. Thus, it is accepted that, for every flexible-chain polymer in a (ideal) solvent, there is a universal value of 0 = 2.1-2.5x1023mol-1 [52]. Webdextran hydrodynamic radius. Dynamics of a Polymer Solution in a Rigid Matriz. A long-chain polymer molecule in solution takes on a somewhat kinked or curled shape, intermediate between a tightly curled mass (coil) and a rigid linear configuration. After 24h the micropores were either closed or reduced further to smaller sizes, 37.5020.41, 50.5718.07, and 58.5814.99m, for 2, 5, and 10 times microporation, respectively. 2015;32(5):170413. (2013). In the future, we plan to investigate the possibility of enhancing the delivery of other macromolecular drugs such as peptides and siRNAs using the RF-based microporation device. SWC designed and coordinated the research. Dilute solution properties and degree of chain branching for dextran. Increased epidermal laser fluence through simultaneous ultrasonic microporation. Dextran. Beer, M.U. WebLabeled dextrans are hydrophilic polysaccharides most commonly used in microscopy studies to monitor cell division, track the movement of live cells, and to report the Recent developments in polysaccharide-based materials used as adsorbents in wastewater treatment. 43-1, 115-147. ; Yevlampieva N.P. Cytotoxicity studies on human cervical cancer (HeLa) cell line showed non-toxic and biocompatible nature of dextran. The optical image and histological analysis confirmed that the micropores on the skin were recovered over time. FITC-dextran molecular weights; 4, 10, and 20kDa molecular weight were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). Polysaccharide hydrogels for modified release formulations. ; Wood, P.J. Polymer molecular weight distribution. (2003). Drug deliv. Weissella: An Emerging Bacterium with Promising Health Benefits. At 20C data "a" value obtained in this work is intermediate to those given by references [1, 37] while the value of kM-H is lower. For 40 kDa molecules, the hydrodynamic diameter dh ~8 nm is much smaller than the collagen mesh size [ 33, 41 ]. Radiofrequency is a well-known medical technique with expanded application in electrosurgery for laparoscopic medical procedures and in dermatology, for sebaceous glands ablation in acne treatment [12, 13], and treatment of photoaging skin symptoms, including wrinkles and hyperpigmentation [14]. Advances in Cosmetic Surgery. government site. The radius of gyration is typically calculated from static scattering measurements, while the hydro-dynamic radius (or equivalent sphere radius) is deter-mined by dynamic light scattering or other diffusion measurements. Webprotein hydrodynamic radius was observed with increasing protein concentration (in the range 0.25-2 mM) in both the absence and presence of 8 M urea. (1998). The column was eluted with bidestilled water a flow rate of 0.8 ml/min, injection 5L, back pressure 200psi. Macromolecules, 31, 7712-7716. However, when molecules deviate from globular to non-spherical or elongated structures then Rg/Rh tend to values upwards of Sachdeva V, Banga AK. The Mark-Houwink a constant is close to 0.5 in poor solvents. National Library of Medicine Palmuti Braga Vettoria, Mary Helen; Martins Franchetti, Sandra Mara; Contiero, Jonas (2012). In this work, hydrodynamic properties are investigated in different dextran aqueous solutions with different molecular weights (8.8-2000kDa), in a temperature range from 20C to 50C. WebTry out PMC Labs and tell us what you think. Amersham Biosciences, AA Edition, www.amershambiosciences.com. All possible degrees of curling can be displayed by any molecule, but there will be an average configuration which will depend on the solvent. 1994, 95-0355. Thus, it is a common practice to express the frictional coefficient of rigid structures as. Springer Editions. Deng H, Konopka CJ, Prabhu S, Sarkar S, Medina NG, Fayyaz M, Arogundade OH, Vidana Gamage HE, Shahoei SH, Nall D, Youn Y, Dobrucka IT, Audu CO, Joshi A, Melvin WJ, Gallagher KA, Selvin PR, Nelson ER, Dobrucki LW, Swanson KS, Smith AM. These results are in agreement with a previous study which suggested that the microporation using radiofrequency causes disruption of the SC, enabling the percutaneous permeation of the FITC-dextran [21]. The Transdermal diffusion cell system was protected from light. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 72, 871-876. (2003). Kuge Takashi; Kimie Kobayashi; Shinichi Kitamura; Hiroshi Tanahashi. In addition, the permeation rate was higher in pig skin than in human skin. In this work, we evaluate the maximum radius of macromolecules able to enter into HeLa cells following a plasma treatment using a size exclusion approach with dextran molecules. The values of Mark-Houwink parameters universalized for the range of working temperatures are the following: 0.4267 for a*, and 0.1455 cm3/g for k*M-H, with 2 of 0.9399. Part of A simple way of universalizing the measurements is shown in figure 4 where there is a curve at each temperature for every molecular weight. Journal of American Chemical Society, 64(11), 2716-2718. Anal. In vitro studies with human cadaver skin is a viable, ethical, and economical alternative for in vivo animal studies. (2008). Molecular weight, molecular weight distribution and molecular size of a native dextran. Unperturbed dimensions and theta temperature of dextran in aqueous solutions. Sung-Wook Choi. Whiteside PJD, Chininis JA, Schellenberg MW, Qian C, Hunt HK. Tirtaatmadja, V.; Dunstan, D. E.; Boger, D. V. (2001). (2007). WebHydrodyamic Radius, R H: In addition to the analytic size of a linear (C=1) chain, the end to end distance, R eted or R 0, and the structural size, the radius or gyration, R g, dynamic measurements yield a size called the hydrodynamic radius, R H. Consider a rod particle of length L=10R where R is the radius. The first term on the left-hand side of equation 2 (i/c) has a linear relation as a function of the concentration (c in g/cm3), where is the intrinsic viscosity [] is given by (c0) [42, 43]. Biophysical Journal, 27, 177-181. Chen Rong Huei; Wei Yu Chen; Shang Ta Wang; Chu Hsi Hsu; Min Lang Tsai (2009). In this sense, the largest deviations were obtained for the highest molecular weight (580-2000kDa with values from 0.8467 to 0.7346). Dextrans and their derivatives find an interest in clinical applications, as well as excipients in tablets in the pharmaceutical industry [5]. Rheology of dextran solutions. Physicochemical studies of oligodextran. The Hydrodynamic Radii of Macromolecules and Their Effect on Red Blood Cell Aggregation. Nordmeier, Eckliard (1993). The characteristic Rg/Rh value for a globular protein is ~0.775, which means that Rg is smaller than Rh. Dextran (DX) is one type of EPS synthesized by LAB in the presence of sucrose (R g), radius of hydrodynamic (R h), polymer conformation parameter ( = R g /R h), intrinsic viscosity ([]), Mark-Houwink coefficient () and branching degree of DXs of RPYs prepared under different conditions. TEWL measurements were taken 30min after microporation of the human and pig skin. (2013). This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Walkenhorst, S.; Olivier, R. (2003). Proc. In a good solvent, which shows a zero or negative heat of mixing with the polymer, the molecule is less-extended, and the intrinsic viscosity is high. 2005;22(4):5505. Dextran Utilization During Its Synthesis by Weissella cibaria RBA12 Can Be Overcome by Fed-Batch Fermentation in a Bioreactor. Would you like email updates of new search results? (1990). Copyright 2006-2023 Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. All rights reserved, Dextran, Tetramethylrhodamine, 2,000,000 MW, Lysine Fixable, Sulen und Kartuschen fr die Chromatographie, Kunststoffartikel und Zubehr fr das Labor, Spektroskopie, Element- und Isotopenanalyse, Alle Themen fr Hilfe und Support anzeigen, Status und Nachverfolgung von Bestellungen, Reagenzien und Kits fr die Neurowissenschaft, Discover how to track and trace cells by imaging , Hier finden Sie unsere brigen Tracking-Produkte fr Sugetier-Zellkulturen, Molecular Probes Dextran-Konjugate Tabelle14.4. Unperturbed dimensions and the theta temperature of dextran in ethylene glycol solutions. Careers. The relative browning for dextran from W. cibaria JAG8 was similar to commercial prebiotic Nutraflora P-95 and 3-fold lower than Raftilose P-95. Dextrans in Aqueous Solution. (more or less, with a hydrodynamic radius of less than 100 nm) to cross from the vasculature into the interstitium. In a poor solvent which shows a positive heat of mixing, segments of a polymer molecule attract each other in solution more strongly than attract the surrounding solvent molecules. Molecular weight (M v) and hydrodynamic properties can be calculated from there. @ Nilimesh See attached. Advances in Physical Chemistry, Vol. Int J Food Sci Nutr. Each skin pores was captured using a microscope and the obtained images were analyzed using ImageJ software (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA). Corp. (Seoul, Korea). Coviello, T.; Matricardi, P.; Marianecci, C.; Alhaique, F. (2007). These results suggest that fibroblasts proliferate and migrate under the SC, and regenerate the skin. These constants can be determined experimentally by measuring the intrinsic viscosity of several polymer samples for which the molecular weight has been determined by an independent method (i.e. Thus, typically, the dextran glomerular for a molecule with a Stokes-Einstein (SE) radius of 30 is approximately sevenfold higher than that of neutral horseradish Biomaterials. The value of kM-H in this work decreases with increasing temperature in contrast to published by reference [34] where kM-H increases. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. Correspondence to Senti, F. R.; Hellman, N. N.; Ludwig, G.; Babcock, E.; Tobin, R.; Class, C. A., (1955). Huggins, Maurice L. (1942). FITC-dextran solution was prepared at 1mM in PBS. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. WebAmines per 70KDa dextran Theeffectofchargerepulsiononthe hydrodynamicradiuscanbeseenwithRh increaseswithchargedensity.Charge repulsioncausesthehydrodynamicradius toincrease.Withincreasingcharge,the dextranprogressivelyunfolded.Evena lowlevelofaminationcausesthepolymer tounfold. Keywords: intrinsic viscosity, dextrans, Mark-Houwink parameters, hydrodynamic, temperature, Journal of Polymer and Biopolymer Physics Chemistry, 2013 1 (1), Micropores are produced by the arrangement of microelectrodes on the skin at precise dimensions, then RF energy generated by alternating currents induces ionic vibrations between electrodes with positive or negative charges. (1937). Ghimici, Luminita; Nichifor, Marieta; Wolf, Bernhard (2009). A similar combination involves the intrinsic viscosity and specific volume: (a/b) is called Einstein viscosity increment, and Vs is specific volume (cm3/g). Rotureau, E.; Dellacherie, E.; Durand, A. Figure 3 shows that the parameters vary with temperature, evidencing a clear functionality of them. Although, intrinsic viscosity is a molecular parameter that can be interpreted in terms of molecular conformation, it does not offer as high resolution on molecular structure as other methods such as Light Scattering, Circular Dichroism, Sedimentation Velocity, Sedimentation Equilibrium, Size Exclusion Chromatography Coupled to Multi-Angle Laser Light Scattering (SEC-MALLS), High-performance Size Exclusion Chromatography (HPSEC), Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC), NMR, X-rays, etc.
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